Inkulungwane yeshumi elinesibhozo yakubona ukuvela kwamaqela ezentlalo, ebizwa ngokuba yiklasi ephakathi, eyayifumene ubutyebi bawo ngokupheliswa korhwebo phesheya kunye nokwenziwa kweempahla ezifana nokuthengiswa kwezinto zoluntu kunye nokuthengwa ngamalungu anezityebi eluntwini. Ukongeza kubarhwebi kunye nabavelisi, i-ESTT SPROT iquka ubugcisa obufana namagqwetha okanye amagosa olawulo. Zonke ezi zinto zafundiswa kwaye zikholelwa ukuba akukho qela eluntwini kufuneka libe lilungelo ngokuzalwa. Endaweni yoko, isikhundla somntu kufuneka sixhomekeke ekupheliseni kwakhe. Ezi zimvo zifuna uluntu olusekwe kwinkululeko nemithetho elinganayo kunye namathuba kubo bonke, abekwe phambili ziintanda-bulumko ezinje nge-jeanch noJean Jacues Rousseau. Kumanani amabini orhulumente, afune ukuphinda aphikise uDionigoni kaThixo kwaye ulunge ngakumbi kwinkosi. URousseau wayephethe umbono phambili, ephakamisa uhlobo lukarhulumente ngokusekwe kwimvumelwano yoluntu phakathi kwabantu nabameli babo. I-moya ye-t ibe yimithetho, iMotesquieu yacebisa ukuba ihlumelo lamandla kurhulumente phakathi kowiso-mthetho, isigqeba kunye nezobugangathweni. Le modeli karhulumente yabekwa e-USA, emva kokuba i-leveneteen colonies yavuma ukuzimela kwabo kwiBritane. Umgaqo-siseko waseMelika kunye nesiqinisekiso sayo samalungelo athile yayingumzekelo obalulekileyo kubacimi bezopolitiko eFransi.
Izimvo zezi ntanda-bulumko zaxoxwa ngokunzulu kwiiSalon kunye nezindlu zekofu kwaye zasasazeka phakathi kwabantu kwiincwadi kunye namaphephandaba. Ezi yayiqhele ukufunda ngokuvakalayo ngokwamaqela ukuze kungenelwe abo bangakwaziyo ukufunda nokubhala. Iindaba ezazicwangcisiwe xvi ukucwangcisa irhafu yokuphinda ifumane irhafu yokufikelela kwiindleko zomsindo wombuso kunye nokuqhankqalaza ngokuchasene nenkqubo yamalungelo.
Language: Xhosa
Science, MCQs
Udidi olukhulayo olukhulayo lucinga ukuphela kwamalungelo eIndiya