Mafakitale amafunikira antchito. Ndi kukula kwa mafakitale, kufunikira uku kunawonjezeka. Mu 1901, panali antchito 584,000 ku Mafakitale a India. Podzafika mu 1946 nambalayo inali yopitilira 2,436,000. Kodi antchitowa adachokera kuti?
M’magawo ambiri ogwirira ntchito amachokera ku zigawo kuzungulira. Anzake ndi amisala omwe sanapeze ntchito m’mudzimo adapita kumalo opangira mafakitale pofunafuna ntchito. Ogwira ntchito zoposa 50 peresenti pa mafakitale a Boo Bortay mu 1911 adachokera ku chigawo cha Ratnagiri, pomwe midzi ya Kanpur idatenga manja awo ovala omwe ali m’chigawo cha Kanpur. Nthawi zambiri anthu okwera mamiliyoni amasunthira pakati pa mudziwo ndi mzindawu, kubwerera kwawo kukakolola ndi zikondwerero.
Popita nthawi, monga nkhani yofalitsa ntchito, antchito adayenda maulendo ataliatali kuti apeze chiyembekezo chodzagwira ntchito m’migodzi. Mwachitsanzo, kuchokera ku United States, adapita kukagwira ntchito yokhudza bomba la Bombay komanso ku Jute mphero ya Calcutta.
Kupeza ntchito nthawi zonse kumakhala kovuta nthawi zonse, ngakhale mphero zikachulukana ndipo zomwe zimafunikira antchito zimakula. Manambala kufunafuna ntchito anali ochulukirapo kuposa ntchito zomwe zilipo. Kulowa mu mphero kunalinso koyenera. Nthawi zambiri akatswiri ogwiritsa ntchito mafakitale nthawi zambiri amagwiritsa ntchito ntchito yogwira ntchito kuti atenge zolemba zatsopano. Nthawi zambiri wogwira ntchito anali wokalamba ndipo wagwira ntchito yodalirika. Anapeza anthu ochokera kumudzi kwawo, adawapatsa mwayi pantchito, adawathandiza kukhazikika mu mzindawu ndikuwapatsa ndalama panthawi yamavuto. Chifukwa chake anagwira ntchito ndi ulamuliro ndi mphamvu. Anayamba kufunsa ndalama ndi mphatso kuti azimukonda komanso kuwongolera miyoyo ya ogwira ntchito.
Chiwerengero cha ogwira ntchito fakitale chinawonjezeka nthawi. Komabe, monga momwe muonere, anali ochepa kwambiri ochita nawo mafakitale.
Language: Chichewa