Ngelixa amashishini omzi-mveliso ekhula ngokuzinzileyo emva kwemfazwe, amashishini amakhulu enyusa kuphela icandelo elincinci loqoqosho. Uninzi lwazo- malunga neepesenti ezingama-67 ngonyaka we-1911- zazikhona eBengal naseBombay. Kule lonke ilizwe, imveliso yamancinci iqhubekile nakwimidlalo eqingqiweyo. Kuphela sisiseko esincinci sabasebenzi bemizi-mveliso sisebenze kwiifayile ezibhalisiweyo: Iipesenti ezi-5 ngonyaka we-1911 ne-10 pesenti ngo-1931 ukuya kwi-10 pesenti ngo-1931.
Ngapha koko, kwezinye iimeko, ukuveliswa kwezandla okwandisiweyo kwinkulungwane yamashumi amabini. Oku kuyinyani nakwimeko yecandelo lezandla esithethe ngazo. Ngelixa intambo ye-shop eyenziwe ngexabiso eliphantsi. Shenxisa umzi-mveliso ojikelezayo kwinkulungwane yeshumi elinesithoba, abaluki basinda, nangona kukho iingxaki. Kwinkulungwane yamashumi amabini, ilaphu le-Pholomon iveliswe ngokuthe ngcembe: iphantse yandezeleka phakathi kwe-1900 ne-1940.
Yenzeke njani le nto?
Oku kwakuyinxalenye ngenxa yotshintsho lwetekhnoloji. Abantu bezandla bafumana itekhnoloji entsha ukuba oko kuyabanceda ukuphucula imveliso ngaphandle kokutyhala iindleko. Ke, ngeshumi leminyaka lenkulungwane yamashumi amabini sifumana i-Welters isebenzisa i-Intanethi i-shuttle. Oku kuyanda kwemveliso yomsebenzi ngamnye, kuyakhawuleza ukuvelisa kunye nokuncitshiswa kwemfuno. Ngo-1941, ngaphezulu kweepesenti ezingama-35 zokwenza i-India kwafakwa i-Shuttles yebhabha: Kwimimandla efana ne-travancore, eMadras, i-Mysore, i-COCHIN, i-80 yeepesenti. Kwakukho ezinye iindlela ezincinci ezincinci ezinceda abaluki baphucula imveliso yazo kwaye bakhuphisane necandelo lemithetho.
Amaqela athile abaluki babekwimeko engcono kunabanye ukuba basinde ukhuphiswano kunye nemizi mveliso yeGowa. Phakathi kwe-wealters abanye baveliswa ndaphule ilaphu ngelixa abanye behamba ngeendlela ezilungileyo. Ilaphu le-Coarder lalithengwa ngabalihlwempu kwaye ibango layo lityibilika ngogonyamelo. Ngamaxesha okuvunwa okubi kunye nendlala, xa bahlwempuzekileyo abasemaphandleni, kwaye umvuzo wabo wanyamalala, akakwazanga ukuthenga ilaphu. Ibango leentlobo zemifanekiso ethengiweyo ngequla lezinto ezizeleyo zazizinzile ngakumbi. Izityebi zinokuthenga ezi zinto kwanaxa inzala elihlwempuzekileyo. Indlala ayichaphazeli ukuthengiswa kweBalasi okanye iBaluchari Saris. Ngapha koko, njengoko ubonile, iimayile azikwazanga kuxelisa amasa. I-Saris enemidango yengcuka, okanye i-LUGIS eyaziwayo kunye ne-handhes ye-harchies, ayikwazanga ukususwa ngokulula ngemveliso yezigawu.
I-Welters kunye nezinye iingcibi eziqhubekayo zokwandisa imveliso ngenkulungwane yamashumi amabini, ayinyanzelekanga ukuba iphumelele. Baphila ubomi obunzima kwaye basebenza iiyure ezinde. Rhoqo ikhaya liphela – kubandakanya nabo bonke abafazi nabantwana-kuye kwafuneka basebenze kumanqanaba ohlukeneyo enkqubo yokuvelisa. Kodwa yayingengomso nje wamaxesha adlulileyo ubudala bemizi-mveliso. Ubomi babo kunye nabasebenzi babubonakalisile kwinkqubo yokuphunyezwa kwezeshishini.
Language: Xhosa