Manje ake sibheke amaqembu ehlukene omphakathi ahlanganyele embuthweni wobuntu bomphakathi. Kungani bajoyine inhlangano? Kwakuyini imibono yabo? Kusho ukuthini uStaraj kubo?
Emaphandleni, imiphakathi ecebile yabampofu – njengama-patidars aseGujarat kanye namaJats we-Uttar Pradesh- ayesebenza ekunyakazeni. Ukuba abakhiqizi bezilimo zezentengiso, babehlanya kakhulu ngokudangala kokuhweba namanani entengo. Njengoba imali yabo yemali inyamalala, bakuthola kungenakwenzeka ukukhokha imali engenayo kahulumeni. Futhi ukwenqaba kukahulumeni ukunciphisa imali engenayo edingekayo kuholele ekucasukeni okuhlangenwe nakho. Labo banabalimi abacebile baba ngabasekeli bentshiseko benhlangano yokungalaleli kwabantu, ukuhlela imiphakathi yabo, futhi ngezinye izikhathi baphoqa amalungu anqikaze amalungu, ukubamba iqhaza ezinhlelweni ze-boycott. Kubo umlwa kaSwinaj kwakuwumzabalazo wokulwa kwemali ephezulu. Kepha badumele kakhulu lapho le nhlangano isicishwe ngo-1931 ngaphandle kwamanani wemali abukeziwe. Ngakho-ke lapho ukunyakaza kuqalwa kabusha ngo-1932, abaningi babo benqabile ukuhlanganyela.
Abaphenyi abampofu bebengenxane nje enesifiso sokuncipha kwesidingo semali. Iningi lazo lalingabanda abaqashi abancane abaqashe abaqashile abanini bomhlaba. Njengoba ukucindezelwa kuqhubeka futhi imali engenayo imali igayiwe, abaqashi abancane bakuthole kunzima ukukhokha irenti yabo. Babefuna irenti engakhokhelwa kumnini-ndawo ilungiswe. Bajoyine ukunyakaza okuhlukahlukene okukhulu, okuvame ukuholwa yiSocials kanye namaKhomanisi. Unovalo lokukhulisa izingqinamba ezingase zicasule abalimi abacebile kanye nabanini bomhlaba, iCongress bengafuni ukusekela imikhankaso ‘ye-No Rent’ ezindaweni eziningi. Ngakho-ke ubudlelwane phakathi kwabalimi abampofu neCongress bahlala bengaqinisekile.
Kuthiwani ngamakilasi ebhizinisi? Bahlobana kanjani nenhlangano yokungalaleli komphakathi? Ngesikhathi seMpi Yezwe Yokuqala, abathengisi baseNdiya kanye nezimboni benze inzuzo enkulu futhi banamandla (bheka isahluko 5). Lapho bekhulisa ibhizinisi labo, manje basabela ngokulwa nezinqubomgomo zamakoloni ezivimbela imisebenzi yebhizinisi. Bebefuna isivikelo ekungenisweni kwezimpahla zakwamanye amazwe, kanye nesilinganiso sokushintshaniswa kwamanye amazwe esinamandla esingenza ukudumazeka ukungeniswa kwezinto ezweni. Ukuhlela izintshisekelo zebhizinisi, zakha iCongress yaseNdiya nezentengiselwano ngo-1920 kanye ne-Federation of the Indian Chamber of Commerce kanye ne-G.D. BOLLA, i-Foloniness Movements lapho yenziwa okokuqala. Banikeze usizo lwezezimali futhi benqaba ukuthenga noma ukuthengisa izimpahla ezingenisiwe. Iningi labasoshelelezi beza bezobona uSwaraj njengesikhathi lapho imikhawulo yamakoloni ebhizinisini belingasekho futhi ukuhweba kanye nomkhakha bekuzothela izingqinamba. Kepha ngemuva kokwehluleka kwengqungquthela yethebula eliyindilinga, amaqembu ebhizinisi awasenamlinganiseli. Babenovalo lokusatshalaliswa kwemisebenzi yempi, futhi bakhathazekile ngokuphazamiseka kwesikhathi eside kwebhizinisi, kanye nethonya elikhulayo lezenhlalo phakathi kwamalungu amancane engqungquthela.
Amakilasi okusebenza kwezimboni awazange ahlanganyele embuthweni wobuntu obungamelana nezinombolo ezinkulu, ngaphandle kwesifunda seNagpur. Njengoba izazi zezimboni zasondela engqungqutheleni, izisebenzi zahlala zingenangqondo. Kepha yize kunjalo, abanye abasebenzi babambe iqhaza embuthweni wokungalaleli bombango, bakhetha ukukhetha eminye imibono yohlelo lwaseGandhian, njengokuqothuka kwezimpahla zakwamanye amazwe, njengengxenye yokuhamba kwabo ngokumelene nemiholo ephansi nezimo zokusebenza ezingezinhle. Kwakuneziteleka ezingabasebenzi bezitimela ngo-1930 nakwabasebenzi baka-1932. Ngo-1930 kwabangu-1930 babasebenzi baseClotanagpur tin mines babegqoka ama-gandhi cap futhi wabamba iqhaza emikhankasweni yemibukiso nemikhankaso ye-boycott. Kepha iCongress ibingabazeki ukufaka izimfuno zabasebenzi njengengxenye yohlelo lwayo lomzabalazo. Kwakunomuzwa wokuthi lokhu kuzohlukanisa izimboni futhi kuhlukanise amabutho alwa nokulwa
Enye into ebalulekile yokunyakaza okungalaleli komphakathi kwaba ukuhlanganyela kwabesifazane abakhulu. Ngesikhathi sikaSawoti sikaGandhiji, izinkulungwane zabesifazane zaphuma emakhaya ayo ukuba zimlalele. Bahlanganyele emibhikisho yokubhikisha, usawoti owenziwe, futhi
indwangu yangaphandle ekhethiwe nezitolo zotshwala. Abaningi baya ejele. Ezindaweni zasemadolobheni laba besifazane babevela emindenini ephezulu kakhulu; Ezindaweni zasemakhaya baqhamuka emizini yabampofu. Bashukunyiswa ucingo lukaGandhiji, baqala ukubona inkonzo esizweni njengomsebenzi ongcwele wabesifazane. Kodwa-ke, le ndima eyandayo yomphakathi ayisho ukuthi noma yiluphi ushintsho endleleni enkulu yesikhundla sabesifazane saboniswa. UGandhiji wayeqiniseka ukuthi kwakuwumsebenzi wabesifazane okufanele bawunakekele ekhaya nokuzwa, abe omama abalungile nabafazi abahle. Futhi isikhathi eside iCongress yayingabaza ukuvumela abesifazane ukuba babambe noma yisiphi isikhundla segunya ngaphakathi kwenhlangano. Kwakulangazelela ebukhoneni babo okungokomfanekiso.
Language: Zulu