UMahatma Gandhi uthole usawoti uphawu olunamandla ongahlanganisa isizwe. Ngomhla zingama-31 kuJanuwari 1930, wathumela incwadi eya e-Viceroy Irwin echaza izidingo eziyishumi nanye. Ezinye zalezi zazinentshisekelo ejwayelekile; Abanye babeyizidingo ezithile zamakilasi ahlukene, ezivela kwizimboni kubantu abalimi. Lo mbono bekuwukwenza izimfuno zibanzi, ukuze wonke amakilasi emphakathini waseNdiya angakwazi ukubona kanye nawo wonke umuntu angafakwa ndawonye emkhankasweni wobumbano. Okushukunyiswa kakhulu kwakho konke kwakuyisidingo sokuqeda intela kasawoti. Usawoti wawukudla okucebile nabampofu ngokufanayo, futhi kwakungenye yezinto ezibaluleke kakhulu zokudla. Intela enosawoti kanye nohulumeni ophambukayo ngokukhiqizwa kwayo, uMahatma Gandhi wamemezela, wembula ubuso obucindezelayo kakhulu bokubusa kwamaBrithani.
Incwadi kaMahatma Gandhi, ngendlela, i-Ultimatum. Uma izimfuno zingafezeki ngomhlaka 11 Mashi, le ncwadi lathi, iCongress izokwethula umkhankaso wokungalaleli komphakathi. U-Irwin wayengafuni ukuxoxisana. Ngakho-ke uMahatma Gandhi waqala usawoti wakhe odumile ephelezelwa ngamavolontiya akhe ayi-78. IMashi yayingamakhilomitha angaphezu kwama-240, kusukela e-Ashram kaGandhiji eSabarmati eya edolobheni laseGujarati laseDandi. Amavolontiya ahamba izinsuku ezingama-24, cishe amamayela ayi-10 ngosuku. Izinkulungwane eza zizozwa uMahatma Gandhi nomaphi lapho eyama khona, futhi wabatshela ukuthi usho ukuthini ngoSwinaj futhi wabanxusa ukuba bangcolise ngokuthula abaseBrithani. Ngomhlaka 6 Ephreli wafinyelela uDandi, futhi wephule umthetho ngokwesiko, ekhiqiza usawoti ngamanzi asolwandle abilayo.
Lokhu kwaphawula ukuqala kwenhlangano yokungalaleli komphakathi. Ngabe le nhlangano ihluke kanjani ekuhambeni okungeyona esebenzisana? Abantu manje base bengabuzwanga ukwenqaba ukubambisana nabaseBrithani, njengoba babekwenzile ngo-1921-22, kodwa futhi bephula imithetho yamakoloni. Izinkulungwane ezingxenyeni ezahlukene zezwe zaphula umthetho kasawoti, usawoti owenziwe futhi wakhonjiswa phambi kwamafeho kasawoti kahulumeni. Njengoba ukunyakaza kwasakazeka, indwangu yakwamanye amazwe yathathwa ngathi, kanti izitolo zotshwala zithathwa. Abampofu benqabile ukukhokha imali engenayo kanye ne-chankidari tax, izikhulu zedolobhana zashiya phansi, kwathi ezindaweni eziningi ihlathi labantu bephula imithetho yehlathi – bangena emahlathini aboshwe ukuze baqoqe izinkuni nezinkomo zamagilebhisi.
Ukhathazekile ngentuthuko, uhulumeni wamakoloni waqala ukubopha abaholi beCongress ngamunye ngamunye. Lokhu kwaholela ekuxabaneni okunodlame ezindlini eziningi. Lapho u-Abdul Ghaffar Khan, umfundi ozinikele kaMahatma Gandhi, waboshwa ngo-Ephreli 1930, izixuku ezithukuthele zabonisa emigwaqweni yasePeshawar, zibhekene nezimoto ezihlotshisiweyo kanye namaphoyisa adubula. Abaningi babulawa. Ngemuva kwenyanga, lapho uMahatma Gandhi ngokwakhe eboshwa, abasebenzi bezimboni eSholapur bahlasela okuthunyelwe kwamaphoyisa, izakhiwo zikamasipala, iziteshi zomthetho kanye neziteshi zesitimela- zonke izinhlaka ezifanekisela ukubusa kweBrithani. Uhulumeni owethusayo waphendula ngenqubomgomo yokucindezelwa ngesihluku. Kwahlaselwa ama-satyagrahis anokuthula, kwashaywa abesifazane nezingane, kwathi abantu ababalelwa ku-100 000 baboshiwe.
Esimweni esinjalo, uMahatma Gandhi waphinde wanquma ukumemeza ukunyakaza futhi wangena kwi-Irwin ngomhlaka 5 Mashi 1931. Ngalesi sivumelwano seTandhi-Irwin, uHulumeni wavuma ukukhulula iziboshwa zezombusazwe. Ngo-December 1931, uGandhiji waya eLondon engqungqutheleni, kodwa izingxoxo zadilizwa futhi wabuya wadumala. Emuva eNdiya, wathola ukuthi uhulumeni wayeqale umjikelezo omusha wokucindezelwa. UHhaffrar Khan noJawaharlal Nehru bobabili babesejele, iCongress ibilethelwe ngokungemthetho, kanti uchungechunge lwezinyathelo bezibekelwe ukuvimbela imihlangano, imiboniso kanye nokuqothuka. Ngokukhathazeka okukhulu, uMahatma Gandhi waphinde wahlehlisa inhlangano yokungalaleli imiphakathi. Isikhathi esingaphezu konyaka, inhlangano yaqhubeka, kepha ngo-1934 yalahlekelwa umfutho wayo.
Language: Zulu