Kuqulwe ngale mpumelelo, uGandhiji ngo-1919 wanquma ukwethula i-satyagraha ezweni lonke ngokumelene noMthetho Wokuhlongozwayo (1919). Lo mthetho waphuthunyiswa emkhandlwini womthetho we-Imperial naphezu kokuphikiswa okubumbene kwamalungu amaNdiya. Kwanikeza amandla amakhulu okucindezela imisebenzi yezepolitiki, futhi kwavumela ukuboshwa kweziboshwa zezepolitiki ngaphandle kwecala iminyaka emibili. UMahatma Gandhi wayefuna ukungalaleli onobudlova ngokungalaleli ngemithetho enjalo engenabuntu, eyayizoqala nge-bartal ngomhlaka 6 Ephreli.
Kwahlelwa imibuthano emadolobheni ahlukahlukene, abasebenzi bangena esitelekeni emihlanganweni yesitimela, nezitolo zivaliwe. Kushaqiswe yi-UPSURGE ethandwayo, futhi ethusa ukuthi imigqa yokuxhumana efana nojantshi ne-telegraph izophazamiseka, abaphathi baseBrithani banquma ukubopha phezu kwezizwe. Abaholi bendawo bathathwa basuka ku-Amritsar, futhi uMahatma Gandhi wavinjwa ukungena eDelhi. Ngomhlaka 10 Ephreli, amaphoyisa ase-Amritsar axoshwa phezu kwenhlangano enokuthula, evusa ukuhlaselwa okugcwele emabhange, amahhovisi eposi kanye neziteshi zesitimela. Umthetho wempi wabekwa futhi i-general dyer yathatha umyalo.
Ngomhla ziyi-13 Ephreli isigameko esidumile saseJallianwalla Bagh. Ngalolo suku isixuku esikhulu sabuthana emhlabeni ovalekile we-jallianwalla bagh. Abanye bafika bebhikisha ngokumelene nezindlela ezintsha zikahulumeni. Abanye babezele ukuzohamba nonyaka kaBaisakhe Fair. Ukusuka ngaphandle kwedolobha, izakhamizi eziningi bezingazi lutho emthethweni wempi olwakhiwe. UDyer wangena kule ndawo, wavimba amaphuzu okuphuma, wavula umlilo esixukwini, wabulala amakhulukhulu. Into yakhe, njengoba ayekusho ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, kwakuwukukhiqiza umphumela wokuziphatha ‘, ukudala ezingqondweni zeSatyagrahis umuzwa wokwethuka nokumangala.
Njengoba izindaba zikaJallianwalla Bagh zisakazeka, izixuku zathatha emigwaqweni emadolobheni amaningi aseNdiya eNyakatho. Kwakukhona iziteleka, ziyangqubuzana namaphoyisa nokuhlaselwa izakhiwo zikahulumeni. Uhulumeni waphendula ngokucindezelwa okunesihluku, efuna ukuhlazisa futhi asabise abantu: USatyagrahis waphoqeleka ukuba athuke amakhala abo emhlabathini, akhanyelele emigwaqweni, enze uSalaam (ukubingelela) kuwo wonke ama-sahibs; Abantu babhajwa kanye nemizana (ezungeze iGujranwala ePunjab, manje ePakistan) baqhuma ngamabhomu. Ukubona udlame lisabalale, uMahatma Gandhi wamemeza ukunyakaza.
Ngenkathi i-Rowlatt Satyagraha yayiyinhlangano ebanzi, yayingalinganiselwe kakhulu emadolobheni nasemadolobheni. Manje uMahatma Gandhi wake wezwa isidingo sokwethula ukunyakaza okubanzi okusekwe e-India. Kepha wayeqiniseka ukuthi akukho ukunyakaza okunjalo okungahlelwa ngaphandle kokuletha amaHindu namaSulumane eduze. Enye indlela yokwenza lokhu, wabona sengathi, kwakuwukuthatha impikiswano ye-Khilafat. Impi yezwe yokuqala yayiphelile ngokunqotshwa kwe-Ottoman turkey. Futhi kwakukhona amahlebezi okube kuzobekwa icala lokuthula elihlaselwayo kumbusi ongum-Ottoman ikhanda elingokomoya lomhlaba wamaSulumane (The Khalifa). Ku – Vikela amandla esikhashana aseKhalifa, kwakhiwa ikomidi le-Khilafat eBombay ngoMashi 1919 UGandhiji wabona lokhu njengethuba lokuletha amaSulumane ngaphansi kwesambulela senhlangano yezwe elihlangene. Esimweni seCalcutta seCongress ngoSepthemba 1920, waqiniseka abanye abaholi besidingo sokuqala ukunyakaza okungekho esebenzisana noKhilafat kanye neSwaraj.
Language: Zulu