Chapter 3
Biomolecules
Exercises
1. Describe the classification of carbohydrates.
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2. Differentiate between D- and L-forms of glucose.
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3. Draw the structure of a disaccharide made up of two monosaccharides glucose and fructose.
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4. Draw the partial structure of starch and glycogen.
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5. Write the major functions of carbohydrates.
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6. Describe isomerisation in monosaccharides.
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7. Differentiate between sphingolipids and glycerolipids.
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8. Why are membrane lipids called amphipathic?
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9. Differentiate between saturated and unsaturated fatty acids.
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10. Describe the various categories of amino acids.
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11. What is zwitterion and how is it developed?
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12. What are non-standard and non-protein amino acids?
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13. How the peptide bonds are formed?
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14. Draw the structure of Lys-Glu-Lys.
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15. Describe the various secondary structures of protein.
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16. Differentiate between tertiary and quaternary structure of proteins.
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17. Differentiate between nucleosides and nucleotides.
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18. Explain the primary structure of DNA.
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19. Draw the structure of A-T-C-G polynucleotide.
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20. Explain Watson and Crick model of DNA.
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21. Describe the various forms of DNA.
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22. Describe the clover leaf model of tRNA.
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23. In carbohydrates which of these functional groups are present
(a) Alcohol and carboxyl groups
(b) Aldehyde and ketone groups
(c) Hydroxyl and hydrogen groups
(d) Ether and ester groups
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24. Which of the following is a non-reducing disaccharide?
(a) Maltose
(b) Lactose
(c) Sucrose
(d) Cellobiose
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25. The repeating units of proteins are
(a) Glucose units
(b) Amino acids
(c) Fatty acids
(d) Nucleotides
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26. Which of the following is the most common secondary structure of proteins
(a) α-helix
(b) β-pleated sheet
(c) Both (a) and (b)
(d) None of the above
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27. A nucleotide contains
(a) Nitrogenous base, sugar and phosphate
(b) Sugar and phosphate
(c) Nitrogenous base and sugar
(d) None of the above
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28. The two strands in DNA double helix are joined by
(a) Covalent bond
(b) Hydrogen bond
(c) Glycosidic bond
(d) Phosphodiester bond
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29. Which is an example of storage lipid?
(a) Fatty acids
(b) Triacylglycerol
(c) Sphingolipids
(d) Eicosanoids
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30. In glycerolipids fatty acids are joined to glycerol through which bond?
(a) Phosphodiester bond
(b) Glycosidic bond
(c) Peptide bond
(d) Ester bond
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