Kenshi na kenshi duhuza inganda hamwe no gukura kw’inganda zo mu ruganda. Iyo tuganiriye numusaruro winganda tuvuga kumusaruro wuruganda. Iyo tuganiriye nabakozi b’inganda dushaka kuvuga abakozi bo mu ruganda. Amateka yinganda akunze gutangirana no gushiraho urufatiro rwambere.
Hariho ikibazo kubitekerezo nkibi. Ndetse na mbere y’inganda zatangiye gukora ahantu nyaburanga mu Bwongereza no mu Burayi, habaye umusaruro munini w’ihohoterwa rishingiye ku isoko mpuzamahanga. Ntabwo cyari inganda zishingiye. Abahanga mu by’amateka ubu bavuga kuri iki cyiciro cy’Umukungugu nk’icyiciro cya Proto-Inganda.
Mu binyejana bya cumi na birindwi kandi cumi n’umunani, abacuruzi bo mu mijyi yo mu Burayi batangiye kwimukira mu cyaro, bagatanga amafaranga ku bahinzi n’abanyabukorikori, kubemeza kubyara isoko mpuzamahanga. Hamwe no kwagura ubucuruzi bwisi no kugura ubukoloni mu bice bitandukanye byisi, ibisabwa ibicuruzwa byiyongera. Ariko abacuruzi ntibashoboraga kwagura umusaruro imbere. Ibi byatewe nuko hano ubukorikori nubucuruzi bwamafaranga byari ibisasu. Aya yari amasezerano y’abatunganya abakora imitwe yatoje imirongo, yagumanye kugenzura umusaruro, kugengwa n’ibiciro, kandi bigabanya ibyinjiriro nyabashya mu bucuruzi. Abategetsi batanze amategeko atandukanye uburenganzira bwo kubyara no gucuruza mubicuruzwa byihariye. Byaragoye rero abacuruzi bashya gushyiraho ubucuruzi mu mijyi. Bahindukirira icyaro.
Mu cyaro abanyamansa bakera n’abanyabukorikori batangiye gukora abacuruzi. Nkuko wabibonye mu gitabo umwaka ushize, iki cyari igihe gifunguye cyarashitse kandi kirera cyateganijwe cyari gifunze. Cottago hamwe nabahinzi bakennye bari baranze ibihugu bisanzwe kugirango babeho, guteranya inkwi zabo, imbuto, imboga, ibyatsi, byagombaga gushakisha ubundi buryo bwinjiza. Benshi bari bafite ibibanza bito bidashobora gutanga akazi kubagize urugo bose. Igihe rero abacuruzi baje bagatanga iterambere ryo kubatanga ibicuruzwa kuri bo, ingo zamabara zirashishikaye. Mugukorera abacuruzi, barashobora kuguma mucyaro kandi bagakomeza gutsimbataza ibibanza byabo bito. Amafaranga avuye mu musaruro wa Proto-inganda yuzuzamo amafaranga agabanuka. Iremereye kandi gukoresha byuzuye umutungo wakazi.
Muri iyi sisitemu umubano wa hafi wateje imbere umujyi no mucyaro. Abacuruzi bari bafite imijyi ariko imirimo yakozwe ahanini mu cyaro. Umwenda w’abacuruzi mu Bwongereza waguze ubwoya mu nyanja, uyijyana ku ba spinners; e Kurangiza byakozwe i Londres mbere yuko umucuruzi wohereza ibicuruzwa hanze yagurishije umwenda ku isoko mpuzamahanga. Londres mubyukuri yaje kumenyekana nkigice cyo kurangiza.
Iyi sisitemu ya proto-inganda yari igice cyumuyoboro wubucuruzi. Yagenzurwa n’abacuruzi n’ibicuruzwa byakozwe n’umubare munini w’abashinzwe gukora mu mirima y’imiryango yabo, atari mu nganda. Kuri buri cyiciro cyumusaruro w’abakozi 20 kugeza kuri 25 bakoreshwaga na buri mucuruzi. Ibi bivuze ko umwenda wagenzuraga abakozi babarirwa mu magana. Language: Rwandi