EVictorian Britain kwakungekho ukushoda kwabasebenzi babantu. Abaphathi besihlabathi abampofu A I Agrants bathuthela emadolobheni ngamanani amakhulu efuna imisebenzi, elindele umsebenzi. Njengoba uzokwazi, lapho kunomsebenzi omningi, amaholo aphansi. Ngakho-ke izimboni zezimboni zazingenankinga yokushoda kwabasebenzi noma izindleko eziphakeme zamaholo. Babengafuni ukwethula imishini eyayisusa abasebenzi abangabantu futhi yadinga ukutshalwa kwezimali okukhulu.
Ezimbonini eziningi isidingo somsebenzi sasingesizini. Imisebenzi yegesi kanye nokushayisana kwakumatasa kakhulu ezinyangeni ezibandayo. Ngakho-ke badinga abasebenzi abaningi ukuze bahlangabezane nesidingo sabo esiphakeme. Bhala ama-Book- amaphrinta, ukunakekela isidingo sikaKhisimusi, kudingeka futhi izandla ezingeziwe ngaphambi kukaDisemba. E-Waterfront, ubusika kwakuyisikhathi lapho imikhumbi yalungiswa futhi yahlakazeka. Kuzo zonke izimboni ezinjalo lapho ukukhiqizwa kuguquguquka nesizini, ama-Industrialists ajwayele ukukhetha umsebenzi wezandla, esebenzisa izisebenzi ngesizini
Uhla lwemikhiqizo lungakhiqizwa kuphela ngabasebenzi bezandla kuphela. Imishini yayigxile ekukhiqizeni umfaniswano, izimpahla ezimile zemakethe enkulu. Kepha okufunwa emakethe bekuvame ukuthola izimpahla ezinemiklamo eyinkimbinkimbi kanye nobunjwa obuthile. Maphakathi ne-Britain yekhulu leshumi nesishiyagalolunye, ngokwesibonelo, izinhlobo ezingama-500 zezando zakhiqizwa nezinhlobo ezingama-45 zezimbazo. Lezi zikhono lomuntu ezidingekayo, hhayi ubuchwepheshe bemishini. EVictorian Britain, amakilasi angenhla – ama-aristocrats kanye nonxistoosie – izinto ezithandwayo ezikhiqizwe ngesandla. Imikhiqizo eyenziwe ngezandla yeza ukukhombisa ukucolisiswa kanye nesigaba. Babephelile kangcono, bakhiqizwa ngawodwana, futhi baklanywe ngokucophelela. Izimpahla- zokwakha- ezenziwe ngomshini zathunyelwa kwamanye amazwe. Emazweni anokushoda kwabasebenzi, izimboni bezimboni bezimisele ukusebenzisa amandla emishini ukuze isidingo sokusebenza komuntu sincishiswe. Lokhu bekunjalo eMelika yekhulu lekhulu leshumi nesishiyagalolunye. Nokho, iBrithani yayingenankinga nokuqasha izandla zabantu. 2.1 Impilo yabasebenzi ubuningi bomsebenzi emakethe bathinta izimpilo zabasebenzi. Njengezindaba zemisebenzi engenzeka zaya emaphandleni, amakhulukhulu anyathelwa emadolobheni. Amathuba okuthola umsebenzi wangempela ancike kumanethiwekhi akhona wobungani nobudlelwano be-Kin. Ukube ubunesihlobo noma umngani efektri, kungenzeka ukuthi uthole umsebenzi ngokushesha. Kepha akubona bonke abantu abanokuxhumana komphakathi. Abasebenzi abaningi kwadingeka balinde amasonto, bachitha ubusuku ngaphansi kwamabhuloho noma ebusuku
izindawo zokukhosela. Abanye bahlala ebusuku ababukeli ababemiswe ngabantu abazimele; Abanye baya emagcekeni ajwayelekile abagcinwe yiziphathimandla zomthetho ezimpofu. Isizini yokusebenza kwezimboni eziningi kwakusho izinkathi ezinde ngaphandle komsebenzi. Ngemuva kwenkathi exakekile esephelile, abampofu babephinde bangene emigwaqweni. Abanye babuyela emaphandleni ngemuva kobusika, lapho isidingo somsebenzi ezindaweni zasemakhaya savuleka ezindaweni. Kepha iningi lalifuna imisebenzi engathandeki, elize libe yikhulu leshumi nambili lekhulu leshumi nesishiyagalolunye. Amaholo anda ngandlela thile ekuqaleni kwekhulu leshumi nesishiyagalolunye. Kepha basitshela okuncane ngenhlala-kahle yabasebenzi. Izibalo ezijwayelekile zifihla ukuhlukahluka phakathi kwezohwebo nokushintshashintsha kwezulu unyaka nonyaka. Isibonelo, lapho amanani ekhuphuka kakhulu phakathi nempi eyandayo ye-napoleonic, inani langempela lokuthi abasebenzi abayitholile bawa kakhulu, ngoba amaholo afanayo manje angenza izinto ezimbalwa. Ngaphezu kwalokho, imali engenayo yabasebenzi yayixhomeke emazingeni amaholo edwa. Okwakubucayi futhi kwakuyinkathi yokuqashwa: Inani lezinsuku zomsebenzi linqume imali ephansi yansuku zonke yabasebenzi. Kakhulu izikhathi kuze kube maphakathi nekhulu leshumi nesishiyagalolunye, cishe amaphesenti ayi-10 abantu basemadolobheni ayempofu kakhulu. Ezikhathini ze-slump yezomnotho, njenge-1830s, ingxenye yabasebenzi yangena kunoma yini phakathi kwamaphesenti angama-35 no-75 ezifundeni ezihlukile. Ukwesaba ukungasebenzi kwenze kwabasebenzi bezokwethulwa ubuchwepheshe obusha. Lapho kwethulwa i-Jenny ye-spinning in
Umkhakha woboya, abesifazane abasindile lapho bepanampi baqala ukuhlasela imishini emisha. Le ngxabano ngenxa yokwethulwa kweJenny yaqhubeka isikhathi eside. Ngemuva kwawo-1840s, umsebenzi wokwakha waqina emadolobheni, evula amathuba okuqashwa amakhulu. Imigwaqo yakhula, kwaqhamuka iziteshi zikajantshi ezintsha, imigqa yesitimela yanwetshwa, imigudu yemba, ukudonsa kanye nokuthunga okubekwe endle, imifula yamba. Inani labasebenzi abaqashwe embonini yezokuthutha liphindeke kabili nge-1840s, laphindeka kabili eminyakeni engama-30 elandelayo.
Language: Zulu