Baneddered hamwe niyi ntsinzi, Gandhiji mu 1919 yahisemo gutangiza igihugu cyose Saryagraha arwanya ibikorwa bya Rowlatt (1919). Iki gikorwa cyari cyari cyari cyarashize mu Nama Nyobozi y’Itegeko ry’Umuryango w’Inteko ishinga amategeko nubwo abanyamuryango b’abahinde batanze. Yahaye guverinoma imbaraga zikomeye zo gukandamiza ibikorwa bya politiki, kandi zemerera imfungwa za politiki mu gihe imyaka ibiri. Mahatma Gandhi yashakaga kutumvira bidashobora guteza akaga kurwanya amategeko arenganya, atangirana na bartal ku ya 6 Mata.
Ingunzu yateguwe mu mijyi itandukanye, abakozi bakomeje gukubita amahugurwa ya gari ya moshi, amaduka afunze. Afite ubwoba kubera ukwiyongera, kandi ubwoba bwo gutumanaho nk’itumanaho nka gari ya moshi na telegraph byahungabanye, ubuyobozi bw’Ubwongereza bwafashe umwanzuro bwo guhindagurika ku bahanga mu gihugu. Abayobozi b’inzego z’ibanze batowe muri Amritsar, naho Mahatma Gandhi abuzwa kwinjira muri Delhi. Ku ya 10 Mata, abapolisi bo muri Amritsar barasakuzaga mu nzira y’amahoro, bakangura ibitero bikwirakwira ku nkombe, ibiro by’iposita na gari ya moshi. Amategeko ategeka kandi kandi Jenerali yarayobowe.
Ku ya 13 Mata umuja uzwi cyane wa Jalliawalla wabaye. Kuri uwo munsi, imbaga y’abantu benshi bateraniye mu mpamvu zifunze za Jalliawalla Bagh. Bamwe baje kwigaragambya ku ngamba nshya za guverinoma zikandamiza. Abandi bari baje kwitabira imurikagurisha rya Baasakhi ngarukamwaka. Kuba uturutse hanze yumujyi, abaturage benshi ntibari bazi amategeko yintambara yari yarahawe. Umubyeyi yinjiye muri ako gace, yahagaritse ingingo zo gusohoka, akingura imbaga y’abantu, yica amagana. Ikintu cye, nkuko yabitangaje nyuma, kwari ugutanga ingaruka mbwirizamuco ‘, kurema mubitekerezo bya Satyaagrarahira kandi ubwoba.
Nk’amakuru ya Jalliawalla Bagh amaze gukwirakwira, imbaga y’abantu ifata mu mihanda mu mijyi myinshi yo mu majyaruguru. Hariho imyigaragambyo, amakimbirane hamwe na polisi n’ibitero ku nyubako za leta. Guverinoma yashubije mu gukandamizwa cyane, gushaka abantu isoni n’ubutoni: Satyagraris yahatiwe gusiba amazuru ku butaka, kunyerera mu mihanda, maze Salaamu (salaya) kuri sahib zose; Abantu bakubiswe n’imidugudu (hirya no hino (hafi ya Gujranwala i Punjab, ubu muri Pakisitani) baratewe ibisasu. Kubona urugomo rwakwirakwiriye, Mahatma Gandhi yahamagaye kugenda.
Mugihe Rowlatt Satyagraha yari afite kugenda cyane, byari bigarukira cyane mumijyi no mumijyi. Mahatma Gandhi akeneye gutangiza urugendo runini rushingiye mu Buhinde. Ariko yari azi neza ko nta rugendo nk’urwo rushobora gutegurwa rutajyanye n’abahindu n’abayisilamu twegeranye. Bumwe mu buryo bwo kubikora, yumvaga, yagombaga gufata ikibazo cya Khilafat. Intambara ya mbere y’isi yose yararangiye no gutsindwa kwa Ottoman Turukiya. Kandi hari ibihuha bimaze gushyirwaho umwami wa Ottoman umutware wumwuka wisi yo mu mwuka yisi ya kisilamu (Khalifa). Kuri – kurengera ibihugu by’agateganyo bya Khalifa, Komite y’abayobozi b’ikirere nk’abavandimwe Muhammad Ali na Shakat Ali na Shaukat Ali, batangiye kuganira na Mahatma Gandhi ku kibazo cya rusange kuri iki kibazo. Gandhiji yabonye ibi ari amahirwe yo kuzana abayisilamu munsi yumutingi wumutwe wigihugu. Ku isomo rya Calcutta muri Kongere 1920, ryemeje abandi bayobozi bakeneye gutangira umuryango udateganywa mu nkunga ya Khilafat kimwe na SWRAJ.
Language: Rwandi