Kwiminyaka elandelayo ngo-1815, uloyiko loxinzelelo lwaqhuba uninzi lwenkululeko – amatyala aphantsi komhlaba. Imfihlo ye-Fearies yaqala kumazwe amaninzi aseYurophu ukuqeqesha iingwele kwaye wasasaza izimvo zabo. Ukuba noguquko ngeli xesha lithetha ukuzibophelela ekuchaseni iifom zesiseko ezazimiselwe emva kwenkululeko, nokulwela inkululeko nenkululeko. Uninzi lwezi hlaselo nazo zabona ukudalwa kwesizwe njengenxalenye eyimfuneko yomzabalazo wenkululeko.
Omnye umntu onjalo yayiyinguqu yase-Italiya yanguGiuseppe Mazini. Wazalelwa eGenoa ngo-1807, waba lilungu loluntu oluyimfihlo lweCarbonari. Njengomfana ongu-24, wathunyelwa ekuthinjweni ngo-1831 ukuzama ukutshintsha kweLigiria. Emva koko wabeka ezinye ezimbini iindawo eziphantsi komhlaba, okokuqala, e-Itali esemncinci eMarseniles, emva koko, iYurophu yaseYurophu ePoland, eFrance, i-Itali kunye ne-Itali yaseJamani. UMazini wayekholelwa ukuba uThixo wayezimisele ukuba amazwe abe ziiyunithi zoluntu. Ke i-Itali ayinakuqhubeka nokuba ngumsebenzi we-patch kunye nezikumkani. Imelwe ukuba kwenziwe kwiRiphabhlikhi enye engenamanyano phakathi kobumbano olubanzi lweentlanga. Olu luhlu lulodwa lunokuba sisiseko senkululeko yase-Italiya. Ukulandela imodeli yakhe, uluntu olufihlakeleyo lwamiselwa eJamani, eFrance, eSwitzerland nasePoland. Inkcaso engagungqiyo ye-mazini ichazekile kwinkosikazi kunye nombono wakhe wee-democratic wazothuka. I-Metictan ichaza ukuba ‘olona tshaba luyingozi lwe-oda yethu yentlalo’. Language: Xhosa