Indiya ta yi wajarta hijirar aiki daga Indiya daga Indiya kuma tana nuna yanayin gefe biyu na duniya na ƙarni na sha tara. Duniya ce ta sauri na ci gaban tattalin arziki da girma, mafi girma shigo da wasu da talauci na wasu, ci gaba na fasaha a wasu yankuna da sabbin dabaru a wasu.
A karni na sha tara, daruruwan dubban na Indiya da na China sun tafi aiki a kan tsire-tsire, a cikin ma’adanan da ke gina ayyukan duniya. A Indiya, an yi masa hayar karkashin kwangila wanda ya yi alkawarin dawowa zuwa Indiya bayan sun yi aiki shekaru biyar a kan dasa kayan aikin su.
Yawancin ma’aikatan da ke ciki na Indiya sun fito ne daga yankuna na yau da kullun na gabashin Ughtadesh, Bihar, tsakiyar India na Tamilts na Tamil Nadu. A cikin karni na goma sha tara karni na waɗannan yankuna sun sami masana’antu da yawa na gida masu canzawa, ƙasa ya tashi, an share filaye don ma’adinai da tsiro. Duk wannan ya shafa. Rayuwar matalauta: sun kasa biyan hisarrun hikimayensu, ya zama mai zurfi kuma an tilasta musu yin ƙaura cikin binciken aiki.
Babban wuraren shakatawa na Indiya sune tsibiran Caribbean (galibi, Guyana da Surinam), Mauritius da Fiji. Daga gida mai kusa, baƙi mjrts sun tafi Celel da Malaya. Har ila yau suna kuma daukar ma’aikata masu gina jiki don tsire-tsire shayi a Assam.
Ma’aikatan daukar ma’aikata sun yi aiki da ma’aikata da kuma biyan karamin hukumar. Yawancin baƙi sun amince da ɗaukar aiki suna fatan tserewa talauci ko zalunci a cikin ƙauyukansu. Ma’aikata sun kuma gwada masu yada baƙi ta hanyar samar da bayanan karya game da tafiye-tafiye na ƙarshe, hanyoyin tafiya, da yanayin aiki, da kuma yanayin rayuwa. Yawancin lokuta baƙi ba ma sunbanta cewa sun shiga doguwar tafiya mai dogon teku. Wani lokacin jami’ai har ma da tilastawa da karbi} ar.
An bayyana wasan kwaikwayo na sha tara na sha tara a matsayin sabon tsarin bayi ‘. Lokacin da yake zuwa plays, ma’aikata sun sami yanayi ya banbanta da abin da suka yi tunanin. Rayuwa da yanayin aiki sun kasance mai tsauri, kuma akwai ‘yancin doka.
Amma ma’aikata sun gano hanyoyinsu na rayuwa. Da yawa daga cikinsu sun tsere zuwa cikin jeji, alhali idan sun kama masu azaba. Wasu kuma sun kirkiro sabbin nau’ikan mutum da juna, suna haɗa nau’ikan al’adu daban daban, tsofaffi da sabo. A Trinidad Passion na shekara-shekara ya zama mai rikitarwa na shekara-shekara da ake kira ‘Hosay (ga Imam Hussain) wanda ma’aikata ke da su da addinai suka shiga. Hakanan, addinin gaban zanga-zangar addinin Rastafariigaimanci (wanda aka shahara da Star Bob Marcia) kuma ana ce wajabta da al’adun al’umma tare da baƙi na Indiya zuwa Caribbean. ‘Chinney Music’, shahararren a Trinidad da Guyana, wani sabon bayanin kirkirar labarai na zamani ne. Wadannan nau’ikan fuss na al’adu wani bangare ne na yin duniyar duniya, inda abubuwa, daga wurare daban-daban suna hade, sun rasa ainihin halaye na asali kuma sun zama wani abu gaba daya sababbi.
Mafi yawan ma’aikata da ke cikin gida sun ci gaba da kasancewa bisa ga kwangilarsu sun ƙare, ko dawo da sabbin gidajensu bayan gajeriyar magana a Indiya. A sakamakon haka, akwai manyan al’ummomin zuriyar India a wadannan kasashe. Shin kun ji labarin marubucin mai lashe-Nobel vs taipaiul? Wasu daga cikinku suna iya bin abubuwan da ake amfani da su na West Indies Shivnarine Chaderpaul da Ramaresh Sarwan. Idan kun yi mamakin dalilin da yasa sunayensu suna sauti, Indaliya, amsar ita ce daga cikin ‘yan kasuwar aikin kwadago daga Indiya.
Daga shugabannin kasashe na 1900 na Indiya sun fara adawa da tsarin aikin ta’addanci a matsayin azzalumi da zalunci. An haramta shi a cikin 1921. Duk da haka na da yawa shekaru da yawa daga baya, da yawa daga cikin ma’aikatan da ke ciki, sau da yawa suna tunanin ‘yan magana’, sau da yawa suna tunanin ” yan mata a cikin tsibirin Caribbean. Wasu daga cikin farkon litattafan na Naipaul na farko sun kame yanayin asarar da rarrabuwa.
Language: Hausa